Investment Management Overview

Investment Management OverviewInvestment Management OverviewIntroductionDo you enjoy following the financial markets, whether reading the Financial Times, watching Bloomberg or checking stock prices on the internet? Do you want to earn good money? If so, you may find a career in investment management appealing. Investment management, also known as asset management, is pretty much what it sounds like a client gives money to an asset manager, who then invests it to meet the clients objectives. In other words, investment management seeks to grow capital and generate income for individuals and institutional investors alike. The potential clients of an asset manager can vary widely. While theres no black-and-white distinction between where retail and institutional clients invest, asset managers who manage retail feststellungs, for example, typically manage money for retail clients, while asset managers at investment banks often invest money for institutional investors like companies or m unicipalities (often for pools of money like pension funds). Asset managers can also work for hedge funds, which combine outside capital with capital contributed by the partners of the fund, and invest the money using complex and sometimes risky techniques, with the goal of receiving extraordinary gains. Asset managers buy their stocks, bonds, and other financial products from salespeople at investment banks, who are on what is called the sell-side. (Asset managers are on the buy-side.) Because they make commissions on every trade they facilitate, salespeople provide information (research, ideas) to asset managers, in an effort to get the asset managers to trade through them. (This is why some salespeople often used to shower asset managers with perks like sports tickets and expensive dinners at fancy restaurants, a practice that has diminished hugely in recent years.) Investment management basically boils down to this researching and analyzing potential investments and deciding wh ere exactly to allocate funds. ansicht days, many investment banks are looking to grow their investment management businesses. Why? Because investment management is largely protected against the volatility of the market. Asset managers charge clients a fee cousined on the amount of money they are given, so they are guaranteed to make money as long as they attract investment. (Asset managers are generally paid a percentage of the entire amount they handle, whether they make or lose money for the client.) This guide will serve as an insiders guide for careers in the industry. It will provide you with the knowledge to appropriately target your career search and a framework to handle the most challenging interviews. It will also break down the many different career positions that are available to both undergraduate and graduate students.cHistoryThe beginnings of a separate industry The process of managing money has been around for some 200 years. At its outset, investment management wa s relationship-based. Assignments to manage assets grew out of relationships that banks and insurance companies already had with institutions primarily companies or municipal organisations with employee pension funds that had funds to invest. These asset managers were chosen in an unstructured way, with assignments growing out of pre-existing relationships rather than through a formal request for proposal and bidding process. The actual practice of investment management was also unstructured. Asset managers might simply pick 50 stocks they thought were good investments as there was nowhere near as much analysis on managing risk or organising a fund around a specific category or style. Historically, managed assets were primarily pension funds. Traditional and alternative asset classes such as retail funds, hedge funds and private equity had yet to mature. The rise of the retail fund Historians cite the closed-end investment companies launched in the Netherlands by King William I d uring 1822 as the first retail funds, while others point to a Dutch merchant named Adriaan van Ketwich whose investment trust created in 1774 may have inspired the idea. The Boston Personal Property Trust, formed in 1893, was the first closed-end fund in the U.S. The first modern retail fund was created in 1924, when three Boston securities executives pooled their money for investment, retail funds were normally used by financially sophisticated investors who paid a lot of attention to their investments. They really came to prominence in the early-to-mid 1980s when retail fund investment hit new highs and investors reaped impressive returns. During this time investor sophistication increased with the advent of modern portfolio theory and investment management firms began heavily absatzwirtschaft retail funds as a safe and smart investment tool, pitching to individual investors the virtues of diversification and other benefits of investing in retail funds. Traditional versus alterna tive asset managers By the early 1970s, the investment management industry had begun to mature as retail funds and other asset classes gained prominence. The dominant theme over the past decade has been the proliferation of alternative asset managers. It is necessary to make the distinction between traditional asset managers and alternative asset managers. Traditional asset managers, such as retail funds, are highly regulated entities that are governed by strict laws and regulations. The Financial Services Authority (FSA) is the principal governing body, and its rules are designed to protect investors and limit unnecessary risk-taking. Traditional asset managers have defined investment mandates that determine what types of securities and strategies they can pursue in a given portfolio. These strategies are discussed in detail in further chapters. Alternative asset managers include assets classes such as hedge funds, private equity, venture capital and property. They are lightly regu lated investment vehicles that do not always have defined investment strategies or risk tolerances. These asset classes are designed to be uncorrelated with the broad stock and bond markets and seek to provide alpha returns in a variety of economic situations. Hedge funds, for example, have evolved into high-risk money managers that borrow money to invest in a multitude of stocks, bonds and derivatives. They use a large equity base to borrow mora capital and therefore multiply returns through leveraging. Since alternative investments can be very risky, as well as lucrative, investors need to be deemed accredited which is determined by net worth in order to invest. Six figures is a minimum bank balance for any prospective investor. The Industry TodayWhats really going on The industry controls around $64 trillion multinationally (having grown by roughly 10 per cent annually over the past decade) and charges clients 1.5 per cent to 2 per cent for the privilege. Hedge funds charge 2 per cent management fees and typically 20 per cent performance fees. No surprise then that operating margins in the investment management industry are more than 40 per cent, according to the Boston Consulting Group. The beauty of the industry, for its incumbents, is that as markets tend to rise over the long run their fees increase even though the cost of managing money doesnt. Overtime, according to some estimates, fund managers raise their fees by double digits, up to around 15 percent a year. The investment management industry is one of the few that broadly impact households all over the world, particularly now. As the population gets older in the core European Union countries, the old-age dependency rate is set to rise from 21 percent now to 50 percent in 2050 and pension deficits have increased, more people than ever are planning for their future financial needs. As a result, the industry is increasingly visible. Investment management has become an increasingly important p art of the financial services industry in Europe. London, for example, is now one of the leading international centres for investment management. Still growing In Europe assets under management grew by almost 400 1000 milliarden in 2007 the UK alone now accounts for around 7 percent of in aller welt assets under management, the third biggest home for managed assets behind the US and Japan. Retail fund demand has continued to increase nearly 50 1000000 households had $24 trillion invested in retail funds as of June 2007, up from $1 trillion in 1990. Despite the credit crunch investment in alternative asset classes has also shot up. A survey by HedgeFund Intelligence said global hedge fund assets under management reached $2.65 trillion at the beginning of 2008, a massive increase of 27 percent from the same period in 2007. But the credit crunch will bite However, the adverse economic conditions of recent times have caused problems for the industry. The credit crunch will lower returns in the short-term because there will be less leverage available to fund managers, not to mention the effect of the crunch on global stock markets. Many big investment banks, such as Citigroup and Merrill Lynch, were already selling off their wealth management departments before the economic downturn. As the credit crunch continues to bite and push returns lower, more big players could downsize their investment management offerings. The crunch may also bring about regulatory changes. In the US, for example, the Federal Reserve bailed out Bear Stearns because, if it failed, its entangled assets would have also brought down the edifice of modern finance. As a result harsher regulatory regimes will be introduced to ensure fund managers cannot topple a financial system that it has taken centuries to create. The heat has also been turned up on fund managers who are making exorbitant sums amid a seriously tightening economy. While more people than ever are using food stamps in the US som e asset managers, particularly hedge fund owners, are making massive profits. Even multi-multi millionaires such as Bill Gates and John McCain have criticised the super-rich for cashing in on other peoples hard-times. John Paulson, a hedge fund manager, made $3.7 billion in 2007 primarily through shorting the risky CDOs that have brought misery to so many. Paulson beat the best-known fund manager, George Soros, into second place with an annual income of $2.9 billion. In the UK alternative assets managers, particularly short-selling hedge funds, have been seriously admonished by the FSA for spreading liquidity scare-stories about UK banks.Pension reform and emergence of property Throughout Western Europe, pension reform has become a politically explosive topic - and one being watched closely by the biggest banks in London, Frankfurt and across the Atlantic on Wall Street. Several European Union countries are facing pension crises, mainly due to an ageing population. Europes state p ension schemes are based on a pay-as-you-go premise, which means that money paid into the retirement plan by todays workers are passed through immediately to todays retirees. That means much more responsibility is placed on the current crop of workers to pay for a disproportionate amount of pensioners Older workers (aged 55 to 64) in the European Union are set to increase by 24 million between 2005 and 2030. And heres how investment managers might benefit in the years to come the governments plan is to strike a new model that shifts more responsibility to workers and away from state-run pension plans. Nations like France, Germany and Italy are trying to increase the retirement age as a way to encourage workers to look after their own pensions through defined contributions. Meanwhile, requirements for defined benefit contributions are being increased. As pension reforms are passed throughout Europe, those that enter the investment management industry will benefit. It is one of the r easons why investment managers, from Deutsche Bank in Germany to UBS in Switzerland, are touting a variety of investment tailored to younger investors. The show will go on Investors will always desire yields, whether from short-term risky ventures or more secure longer-term investments. As a result, the industry can survive anything. After all, assets are always there to be managed. However, the next couple of years will be a tougher time for the industry as the risks surrounding financial markets and global economic growth remain on the downside. As a result investors, alongside other consumers, are tightening their belts to offset a drastically slowing global economy and a reduction in cheap credit while this continues investors appetite for equity exposure and interest rate risk is likely to remain subdued. This will impact liquidity, meaning managers will have less cash in their funds than they have been used to over the last few years. Consolidating There have already been we ll over 150 mergers in the investment management industry in the last 20 years. Recent consolidation activity includes the merger of BlackRock and Merrill Lynch Investment Management, buyouts of Jupiter from Commerzbank and of Gartmore from Nationwide Mutual. A further spate of consolidation is in the offing amid tough economic conditions. Experts believe institutions with low price-to-earnings ratios, or struggling with poor asset quality, will sell-off their investment management businesses to find more capital. The credit market turmoil has already sidelined some private equity deals and could lead to fire sales of distressed assets. Indeed, M&A activity within the investment management industry was at an all time high from January to March 2008 in terms of deal volume. In the first quarter of 2008 53 deals were announced at a cost of around $9.6 billion. The acquired assets under management totalled over $704 billion. By contrast in the same period of 2007 45 deals were announ ced representing $544.9 billion in acquired assets under management. Convergence The European investment management sector is currently experiencing massive convergence between traditional and alternative investment styles. Hedge funds, private equity funds and traditional asset managers are competing increasingly closely as the lines between the asset classes become blurred. Investors increasingly understand how to invest and which investments could generate higher returns in a regulated environment. Regulators have realised this and are now offering traditional asset managers new flexibility as long as investors remain protected. The search for the alpha has aided the process. Traditional asset managers have been buying hedge fund boutiques for some time. But now the difference between these businesses and their core investment strategies are disappearing. Long-only managers are also using regulatory devices such as UCITS III to offer hedge fund products for retail investors and other products to widen the choice for their institutional investors. Meanwhile, alternative asset managers are reaching a wider audience among investors through regulated fund vehicles and eschewing offshore domiciles of the Caribbean and the British Isles for EU member states such as Luxembourg. The Alternative Investment Management Association (AIMA), the international hedge fund industry body, recently suggested Hedge funds are now considered part of the mainstream of the investment management industry. There is even convergence among alternative assets. Private equity houses and hedge funds are frequently adopting similar investment strategies. Cheap credit, low volatility and rising equity markets encouraged hedge funds to enter the private equity market until the middle of last year. More strategically, hedge funds are increasingly ring-fencing capital for illiquid investments, similar to those made by private equity. Recently they have deployed these investments up and dow n the capital structure, including second lien and mezzanine debt products. Private equity houses have acquired undervalued assets and businesses through public market deals. Many experts suggest this could lead to further growth in hybrid alternative investment firms. We will expand upon this in more detail in Chapter 2. The shift from equities to bonds to equities After the dotcom bubble burst at the turn of the millennium, equity markets became erratic as stocks were challenged by a mixture of corporate scandals and weak economic growth. As a result funds moved from equities to bonds. According to some estimates, pension funds moved 40 billion from equities to bonds in 2004. However, strong economic growth and weakening bond yields since then has instigated a shift back to equities. But, experts suggest, investors in stocks lulled by periods of low volatility can be hit hard. As the recent economic crisis has shown, things can change quickly and even the strongest of stocks can plummet. In the UK during the 1970s the last time stagflation hit and editor of The Sun Larry Lamb immortalised 1979 as the Winter of Discontent equities on the whole performed very poorly. Then, as now, investors flocked to more secure bond funds, primarily investing in government debt as opposed to risky junk bonds. Still, bonds arent always a safe-haven in times of strife. The trick for investors, says one fund manager, is to Keep a diversified portfolio comprised of stocks and bonds. Even 100 percent safe products arent always safe, as most managers will tell you. The trick is to spread the risk. The challenge of exchange traded funds Described as the Wal-mart of the business, exchange traded funds (ETF) are increasingly undermining the traditional business model of investment management funds. According to Morgan Stanley, ETFs had $74 billion in assets under management in 2000, but by 2007 this was up to $700 billion. The growth will not stop there, with Morgan Stanley estima ting that $2 trillion will be invested in ETFs by 2011. And it is no surprise. Nearly anything investors believe will perform well in the future can be bought in the form of an ETF, which is a portfolio that can be bought on the stock exchange and costs much less than a traditional investment management firm. The more investors pay in charges, the less money they are likely to make according to experts. As a result, ETFs will remain extremely attractive to investors. More than just investment More than ever investment management companies are focusing on more than just investing. Business decisions such as marketing and distribution, global growth, and technology integration are becoming increasingly important factors in the success of investment management firms. While this Guide will focus mainly on developing a career on the investment side of the investment management industry, we will also spend some time discussing the growing alternative career opportunities relating to the se non-investment business issues.

An Introduction to Military Justice and Its History

An Introduction to Military Justice and Its HistoryAn Introduction to Military Justice and Its HistoryWhen one joins the United States Military, one becomes subject to a completely new justice system. While the primary purpose of the United States justice system is to dispense justice, that is not the primary reason for the creation of a separate justice system for Americas Armed Forces. The primary purpose of the Militarys system is to provide the military commander with the necessary tools to enforce good buchung and discipline. Thats why, for example, its not considered a crime to be late for work at your civilian job, but it is a crime to be late for work in the Military (violation of Article 86 of the Uniform Code of Military Justice, or UCMJ). The military commander has several methods available to enforce good bestellung and discipline within the unit, ranging from mild administrative measures such as formal or informal counseling to full-blown General Court Martials, in which a person can be sentenced to hard labor, or even executed. Part I of this article gives a general background of the United States Military Justice System. Other related topicsinclude Counseling, Reprimands, and Extra TrainingA counseling can be formal or informal. It can also be verbal, or it can be in writing. It can be positive (pat on the back) or it can be corrective. A reprimand or an admonition is a chewing out. They can be verbal, or they can be written. Written reprimands and admonitions can provide a track record, which could later be used to justify punishment under Article 15, or administrative demotions discharges. Extra Training is not the same as extra duties imposed under Article 15. Extra duties are punishment, extra training is not. To be legal, extra training must logically relate to the deficiency to be corrected. Administrative DischargesAdministrative discharges are authorized for a variety of reasons. The characterization for an administrative discharge can b e Honorable, General (Under Honorable Conditions), and Other Than Honorable.Article 15Also known as nonjudicial punishment, or Mast (In the Navy/Coast Guard, and Marines). It is sort of a mini-court martial with the commander acting as judge and jury. Its used for relatively minor (misdemeanor) crimes under the UCMJ. The punishment authorized is limited by the rank of the commander and the rank of the accused. In most cases, a person can refuse Article 15 punishment, and demand a trial by court-martial instead. Self-IncriminationCivilians are protected from involuntary self-incrimination by the 5th amendment. Military personnel is also protected, via Article 31 of the UCMJ.Pretrial Confinement and Pretrial InvestigationsThe military has no bail system. But, there are special rules which must be followed if a military member is confined prior to court-martial. Article 32 Pretrial Investigations are the militarys version of Grand Jury hearings.Court MartialsThese are the biggies. Ther e are three types of court martials Summary, Special, and General. A conviction by a Special or General Court may be a felony conviction. Court Martials can award fines, reductions, punitive discharges, and prison time (at hard labor). General Court Martials can even impose the death sentence for certain offenses. Article 138 ComplaintsThe UCMJ provides a method for military members to file a complaint if they are wronged by their commanding officer. This is one of the most powerful, yet under-used tools in the military justice system, for members to assert their rights. Military Law Background Military law (military justice) is the branch of the law that regulates a governments military establishment. It is entirely penal or disciplinary in nature and, in the United States, includes and is analogous to civilian criminal law. Its sources are many and varied, some considerably antedating the United States and its Constitution. However, since it is through the Constitution that ou r Public Law began to exist, the Constitution can properly be considered the primary source of the law governing our military establishments. Along with the Constitution, there are other sources, both written and unwritten, that govern the military as wellInternational law contributed the law of war and numerous treaties affecting the military establishment Congress contributed theUniform Code of Military Justice(UCMJ) and other statutes Executive orders, including theManual for Courts-Martial(MCM),service regulations usages and customs of the Armed Forces and of war and, finally, the court system has contributed its day-to-day decisions to clarify the gray areas. All of these make up our military law. The US ConstitutionThe constitutional source of military law stems from two provisions those vesting certainpowers in the legislative branchand those granting certain authority to theexecutive branch. Also, the fifth amendment recognizes that offenses in the Armed Forces will be dea lt with in accordance with military law. Powers Granted to CongressUnderSection 8 of ArticleI,US Constitution, Congress is empowered to define and punish offenses against the law of nationsdeclare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning captures on land and waterraise and hilfestellung armiesprovide and maintain a navymake rules for the government and regulation of theland and naval forcesprovide for calling forth the militiaprovide for organizing, arming, and disciplining the militia and for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the United States andin general, make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers and all other powers vested by the Constitution in the government of the United States or any department or officer thereof. Authority Vested in the PresidentUnder the Constitution, the President serves as Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces of the United States, and, when called to Federal service, the President also serves as Commander in Chief of various state militias. TheConstitution alsoempowers the President, with the concurrence of the Senate, to appoint the officers of the services. The President commissions all officers and has the duty to see that the laws of this country are faithfully served. The Fifth AmendmentIn the fifth amendment, the framers of the Constitution recognized that cases arisingin the military serviceswould be handled differently from cases arising in civilian life. Thefifth amendmentprovides, in part, that no person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of aGrand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger. International LawThelaw of armed conflictis the branch of international law that prescribes the rights and obligations of combatants, noncombatants, belliger ents, and prisoners. It consists of those principles and usages that, in time of war, define the status and relations not only with enemiesbut also of persons subject to military control. Acts of CongressThe UCMJ is contained in Chapter 47,Title 10, United States Code, Sections 801 through 940. Although the authority to make rules and regulations for the Armed Forces is in the Constitution, military law is centuries old. The articles of the UCMJ define the offenses that violate the military lawin the Armed Forces of the United States and expose a military member to punishment if found guilty by a proper tribunal. They also set forth the broad procedural requirements implemented by the Presidents Executive order (the Manual for Courts-Martial MCM). For the member, this code is as much a law of the land as a state, or Federal criminal code is for a civilian. Executive Orders and Service RegulationsBy virtue of his powers as Commander in Chief, the President has the power to promulgat eExecutive ordersandservice regulationsto govern the Armed Forces as long as they do not conflict with any basic constitutional or statutory provisions.Article 36, UCMJ, specifically authorizes the President to prescribe the procedures (including rules of evidence) to be followed before the various military tribunals. Pursuant to theseexecutive powers, the President has established the MCM to implement the UCMJ. The President and Congress have authorized the Service secretaries and military commanders to implement various provisions of the UCMJ and the MCM and to promulgate orders and regulations. Our courts have consistently held that military regulations have the force and effect of the law if they are consistent with the Constitution or statutes. Regulations and orders issued at lower levels of command are enforceable byArticle 92, UCMJ, which prescribes violations of general orders and regulations, andArticles 90, and91, UCMJ, which prohibit disobedience of the commands of supe riors. The Evolution of Military Justice Military justiceis as old as the earliest organized forces. An adequate and fair system of military justice has always been essential to the maintenance of discipline and morale in any military command. Thus, the evolution of military justice has necessarily involved the balancing of two basic interests warfighting and the desire for an efficient, but fair, system for maintaining good order and discipline. Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) (1951)The desire for uniformity amongst the services resulted in the enactment of the UCMJ, effective 31 May 1951. It welches implemented by the Manual for Courts-Martial, 1951. The UCMJ established service courts of military review, composed of appellate military judges, who were, and are, the first level of appeal in the military justice system. The UCMJ also established the US Court of Military Appeals (now known as the US Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces (CAAF), originally composed of thr ee civilian judges, which is the highest level of appellate review within the military system. (The Court added two more civilian judges on 1 December 1991.) The creation of this appellate court structure was perhaps the most revolutionary change in military justice in our countrys history. In this structure providing for appeal and review of courts-martial convictions, the checks and balances of civilian control of the Armed Forces were carried over into the military justice system itself. 1969 Manual for Courts-Martial (MCM)After several years of preparation, a new MCM became effective on 1 January 1969. The primary purpose of the revision was to incorporate changes made necessary by the decisions of the US Court of Military Appeals. Less than a month after the President signed the Executive order promulgating the new 1969 MCM Congress passed the Military Justice Act of 1968, the major portion of which became effective 1 August 1969. The Military Justice Act of 1968Among the subs tantive changes made by the Military Justice Act of 1968 was the establishment of a trial judiciary, which consists of circuit-riding judges in each service. The act also allowed an accused the option of being tried by a military judge alone (no court members) if the member so requested in writing and if the military judge approved the request. The Military Justice Act of 1983Effective 1 August 1984, the Military Justice Act of 1983 made several procedural changes, including provisions for government appeals of some rulings by military judges. The government may not, however, appeal findings of not guilty. The act also provides for both defense and government appeals to theUS Supreme Courtfrom the US Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces. TrendsThe UCMJ today reflects centuries of experience in criminal law and military justice. The military justice system has evolved from one that permitted commanders to impose and carry outthe death penaltyto a system of justice that guarantees se rvice members rights and privileges similar to and in some cases greater than, those enjoyed by their civilian counterparts. Jurisdiction of Military CourtsWhether a civilian court has jurisdiction to decide a particular case depends upon several factors, including the status of the parties (age,legal residence, etc.), the type of legal issue involved (criminal or civil, contract dispute, tax delinquency, marital dispute, etc.), and geographical factors (crime committed in New York, contract dispute regarding Florida real estate, etc.). Courts-martial jurisdiction is concerned primarily with the following two questions Personal jurisdiction that is, is the accused a person subject to the UCMJ?Subject-matter jurisdiction that is, is the conduct prescribed by the UCMJ? If the answers are yes in both instances, then, and only then, does a courts-martial panel have jurisdiction to decide the case. Personal JurisdictionCourts-martial jurisdiction does not exist over a person unless he or she is subject to the UCMJ, as defined by Article 2, UCMJ. Article 2 states the following persons are among those subject to the UCMJ Members of a regular component of the Armed Forces, including those awaiting discharge after expiration of their terms of enlistment volunteers from the time of their muster or acceptance into the Armed Forces inductees from the time of their actual induction into the Armed Forces and other persons lawfully called or ordered into, or to duty in or for training in, theArmed Forces, from the dates when they are required by the terms of the call or order to obey it.Cadets, aviation cadets, and midshipmen. Members of a Reserve component while on inactive-duty training but, in the case of members of theUS Army National GuardandUS Air National Guard, only when in Federal service.Retired members of a Regular component of the Armed Forces entitled to pay. Since the enactment of the UCMJ, theSupreme Courthas held that the military cannot constitutionally exer cise jurisdiction over civilian dependents of members of the Armed Forces. Additionally, the US Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces has held that the military lacked jurisdiction over civilian employees of the Armed Forces during the Vietnam Conflict, even though the alleged crimes were committed within the combat zone. The court held that the phrase in time of war contained in Article 2(10), UCMJ, means a war formally declared by Congress. Subject-Matter JurisdictionGenerally, courts-martial have the power to try any offense under the code except when prohibited from so doing by the Constitution. Jurisdiction of courts-martial depends solely on the accuseds status as a person subject to the UCMJ, and not on the service-connection of the offense charged. For example, a person subject to the UCMJ is caught shoplifting from a local merchant. The member could be tried by courts-martial, even though the offense itself is not service-connected in a traditional sense.?

The pros and cons of employees making a salary-transparent database

The pros and cons of employees making a salary-transparent database The pros and cons of employees making a salary-transparent database How much is everyone around you getting paid? This is a question many of us at work privately wonder, and now, a group of TV professionals actually get to find out.On Tuesday, an anonymous Google spreadsheet was being shared widely for entertainment employees, such as writers, assistants, script coordinators, and producers, to share their actual salaries and pilot quotes. The form lets employees see how much their peers could be earning by their gender, race, years of experience, title, and employer, among other factors. The unnamed author of the document called the initiative a “good faith project” that would helpful for employees to “cross check” information they may already have.The pay-transparency initiative follows a report of huge gender pay gaps between actors. According to the Hollywood Reporter, actress Michelle Williams made nearly ten times less than her costar Mark Wahlberg for the movie “All the Money in the World” - $625,000 for her work to   Wahlberg’s $5 million. Pay-transparency databases aim to stop these gaps by letting more people know what’s a typical standard of pay.Some states, including New York and California, have made their own regulations to address the gender pay gap by making it illegal for a company to prevent its employees from discussing their pay.  For employees lacking legal safeguards, however, making an online database is one method to discreetly gather information about your salary, so that you can make better informed decisions about your career.Before you decide to make your own pay-transparency database about your workplace, there are pros and cons you should consider:Pro: shared online documents reach more peopleThe medium that hosts the information informs the message. By sharing pay information through collaborative online documents, employees can keep their identities private while spreading the knowledge publicly and quickly.Reporting on why political activists choose Google spreadsheets to share i nformation over other technologies like blogs, journalist Ann Friedman noted a Google Document’s 100-person edit limit, which caps how many people can share information: “a Google Doc can be technically public while functionally quite private, allowing members of a like-minded community to reach beyond their immediate friends and collaborators while avoiding the abuse and trolling that comes with publishing on other platforms. This makes shared documents an appealing way to pass along information you want to be more open about but don’t necessarily want to blast across the internet.”Whatever collaboration tool you use, the most important benefit to sharing a spreadsheet online is that it allows people outside of the people you may know to benefit. Whisper networks are known to exclude vulnerable, emerging professionals who lack strong networks informing them what’s a good salary. Public pay databases change that.Pro: research-backed improvement in employee work ethicEconom ic research is also on the side of making employee’s pay public. One study found that knowing your coworker’s salary drove workers to be more productive. In the study of 2,000 workers, economics professor Emiliano Huet-Vaughn found that when people were given information about how much their colleagues earned, they worked harder to complete tasks.The finding backs up a separate study that found pay secrecy was linked to a decline in employee performance and a company’s retention rate of high performers.Con: publicly doing this can be costly to your careerBeing publicly tied to a pay-transparency database can backfire, however. Erica Joy Baker, a former Google employee who now works at Patreon, conducted a salary transparency experiment in 2015 to spread information about pay gaps at Google. Creating an internal spreadsheet, Baker said she got 5% of the company’s employees to participate, and it led to people getting raises.But even though her actions were not illegal, Baker said she faced pushback from higher-ups in the company, citing meetings with her manager and superiors who were “pissed” and refused to interact with her.Google, which is currently being investigated for its pay practices by the Labor Department, did not comment specifically on Baker, but noted the company regularly ran  â€œanalysis of compensation, promotion, and performance to ensure that they are equitable with no pay gap.”Many people can be the beneficiaries of a pay-transparency database, but Baker’s story shows us that if you’re the public creator of one, you’ll be exposed to blowback and may need to be prepared to face harm to your reputation.

3 misconceptions that halt our careers

3 misconceptions that halt our careers 3 misconceptions that halt our careers This was me â€" utterly exhausted as a homeless welfare single mom of four children under seven-years-old, putting on that everything was ok. I felt judged, tired, and inadequate at almost everything. I was edgy, unhappy and anxious that I wasn’t doing enough or being good enough.Did I make time to take care of myself or remind myself that I am awesome as is with all my imperfections? No way. No time. I just kept surviving and wearing myself down while pretending I was superwoman.  I wore busyness like a badge of honor.Follow Ladders on Flipboard!Follow Ladders’ magazines on Flipboard covering Happiness, Productivity, Job Satisfaction, Neuroscience, and more!As I look back now I see that this treadmill to nowhere left me not only stuck but exhausted. I already had everything I needed to go from food stamps to where I am today â€" CEO of a $24 million organization, a mom, employee, friend, leader and wife. I just needed to slow down enough to be gentle with myself. I needed to rel ease my need to be perfect which had become a shield for shame. I began to accept that I deserved all that is good and quit expecting myself and others to be flawless. I stopped talking and began to listen. I became curious instead of judgmental because as I had judged others I had judged myself far worse.  I acquired peace.After having been an executive coach for more than a decade I find that my story mirrors the misconceptions my clients share.I Just Have to Work HarderWhen things aren’t going well achievers get stressed and think that if they just try harder things will get better. After all, that strategy helped them get to where they are. So, they buckle down in one size-fits-all strategies such as â€" work late, apply for more positions, network more, get another degree, put in for another promotion, change for the sake of change, read more self-help or business books, attend more professional development seminars. They think things will improve because of their dedication when in fact doing more of the same just brings more disappointment, let down from unmet expectations, more stress, less confidence and makes them not only ineffective but drained. They hold out for the perfect job, opportunity or waiting for their own perfection instead of taking risks that build self-assurance. Don’t get stuck by just working harder.I Need All the Right StuffAll the education, good grades, good schools, awards, experience, letters of reference, and measurable accomplishments in the world won’t matter if people don’t like, respect and want to connect with you because you’ve got something they either a) want more of, or b) want to put to work for them â€" your unique value and likeability. Getting another degree or certification is great if you have the time and money to do so, and it is required for the industry you seek. Don’t confuse these credentials as a substitute for heightening your “It-Factor.” Done is better than perfect.  Well EnoughWe are s o close to our own habits and familiar with our own perspectives that we can’t see what is obvious to others â€" we don’t know what we don’t know. We get stereotyped without even realizing it. “She’s not executive material.” “He’s too emotional.” “He can’t take us to the next level.” We don’t understand why we aren’t progressing because we don’t have the self-awareness to see around our blind spot. Then we lose confidence, become stressed and play it safe which makes the situation worse. It becomes virtually impossible to undo these stereotypes without a third party unbiased guide. Get a professional unbiased perspective on your performance and your mindset. Build your self-awareness.My leadership, relationships and happiness changed when I stopped being a victim, owned my part in being stuck and chose to have mindful curiosity about myself and everything around me. This is power. I adopted mindful daily practices that keep me grounded in the moment so that doubt, judgment and cynicism have no place to root. Living in the moment allows for space between stimulus and response. Between thought and reaction. Between the trigger that trips the fear or frustration button and the deep breath that allows limiting thoughts to pass.Mindful daily routines are a world class workout for the mind. They teach you to stay in the moment and not fast forward to negative assumptions. They instill confidence and executive presence for high performance and better connection with the people who matter. A great night’s sleep is a bonus.Here is a link to the FREE Flow-on-the-Go Guide I give to my executive coaching clients to develop and sustain this evolution of awareness. Success is freedom. Not more hours.Mary Lee Gannon, ACC, CAE  is an executive coach and corporate CEO who helps busy leaders get off the treadmill to nowhere to be more effective, earn more, be  more calm and enjoy  connected relationships with the people who matter while it still matters.  Watch her FREE Master Class training on Three Things to Transform Your Life and Career Right Now at  www.MaryLeeGannon.com.

Game Theory Helps Robot Design

Game Theory Helps Robot Design Game Theory Helps Robot Design Game Theory Helps Robot Design An unsupervised robot must have two fundamental skills to work closely and safely with a human on a complex task in real time. It must be able to recognize human behaviors and respond to them automatically and appropriately. Now researchers at the Imperial College in London, University of Sussex, and Nanyang Technological University in Singapore are the first to exploit game theory in designing a physically interactive robot that adapts to changing human behavior. Register today for ASMEs Offshore Wind Summit A human subject is adopting different roles during arm reaching movements while interacting with the robotic interface. Image: Courtesy of researchers We have developed an algorithm based on game theory that enables a robot to identify the humans behaviors and then automatically adjust its own behavior to complete a task, said lead author Yanan Li from the University of Sussex, who conducted the work while at the Imperial Colleges Department of Bioengineering. The European Commission has funded their research. This game-theory framework could be used someday for robotics in sports training, injury rehabilitation, or assisted driving. Editors Choice: Air Taxi Aces Test Flight Existent robots can provide rehabilitation assistance by making a task easier for people to complete. But when robots only provide assistance, some patients start to slack off, letting robots do all the work, so their rehabilitation doesnt progress. Robots are also used to make a rehabilitation task more difficult by providing a challenge. But if the task is too hard, patients may not be able to perform the task and also dont improve. A single robot can be programmed to provide either assistance or a challenge, but one has not been capable of transitioning smoothly between assisting and challenging without reprogramming. Big Webinar: How to Design a Wind Turbine in 25 Minutes Lis paper, recently published in Nature Machine Intelligence, shows how a robot controller can transition between rehabilitation tasks by exploiting game theory to identify a humans strategy. In game theory, multiple players compete or collaborate to complete a task. Each player tries to optimize their performance, while assuming their opponents will also play optimally. Listen to the Latest Episode of ASME TechCast to Find Out How a High School Senior Helped a Wounded Marine First, the robot controller is programmed to perform a reaching task with a handle. The robots motor predicts its reaching motionhow far the handle will movebecause it knows how much input to the motor will create that motion, Li said. Next, the robot controller is programmed to track how much force a human applies on the handle to move it. The robot recognizes that the motion of the handle, when the human is trying to move it, is different from what the robot does alone, Li said. Based on this difference, the robot will know how much of the input is from the human. The robot uses the difference between its own motion and the actual motion during the human-robot interaction to estimate the humans strategy. Researchers tested the robot controller in physical-rehabilitation simulations and in experiments with human-robot interactions. In simulations, the robot could adapt when a humans capability changed slowly or when the human made erratic progress. In human experiments, the robot aided healthy individuals by increasing assistance when the user was not strong enough to complete the task. The robot could also automatically switch from an assistance to a challenge strategy as the humans strength improved. More on Helpful Robots: Robots to the Rescue The game-theory-based system allows the robot to assess where a humans needs are along the spectrum from assistance to resistance and automatically tunes the controller. The controller gains data about how effectively the human-robot interaction is achieving its goals. As the robot determines the appropriate level of the two strategies of assistance and resistance, it can update the patients progress and estimate how much to increase the two. This is an important paper, said Lena H. Ting who specializes in the neural control and biomechanics of human movement at the Georgia Institute of Technologys Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines. She and Luke Drnach, a graduate student at Georgia Tech, published a companion explanatory article about Lis study in the same issue of Nature Machine Intelligence. They did not participate in the Li teams work. Top Story: Solving World Hunger with 3D-Printed Food The game-theory framework yields theoretical insights that could help the field of physical human-robotic interactions move forward. In our research, we are studying the principles of how humans move and interact physically with each other in order to understand how assistive robot should best interact with people, Ting said. We want to understand conscious and unconscious physical cues that occur between people, so that robots can also have this natural, intuitive physical interaction with people. We want robots to get accurate information from people that allow them to modify their own behaviors. Future studies, noted Ting and Drnachs article, could extend this game-theory framework to include teams of robots helping humans with dangerous or difficult tasks, or robots that interact with multiple joints of a human, such as robotic gait trainers and exoskeletons. Next, Lis team will apply the interactive control behavior to robot-assisted neurorehabilitation and to driving in semi-autonomous vehicles. John Tibbetts is a freelance writer based in Charleston, S.C. Read More Exclusive Stories from ASME.org: Six Project Management Tips Every Engineer Needs Innovations in Biomaterials Create New Roles for Engineers The Engineering Behind Brain Research We want to understand conscious and unconscious physical cues that occur between people, so that robots can also have this natural, intuitive physical interaction with people. Lena H. Ting, Georgia Institute of Technology

7 Things Job Seekers Do That Seem Weird to Employers

7 Things Job Seekers Do That Seem Weird to Employers 7 Things Job Seekers Do That Seem Weird to Employers While it’s certain that every job seeker has his own unique job search style, there are some things you should never, ever do when you’re on the hunt for a new gig. In fact, doing some things that might seem perfectly normal to you just might prevent you from landing a job, much less an interview. Here are seven things job seekers do that seem weird to employers: 1. You show up unannounced. You found a job listing that you know in your heart of hearts was made just for you. This was confirmed during the job interview in which you knew for sure that this job was  yours. Thing is, after your job interview, the  employer didn’t respond. So you take it upon yourself to show up at the company’s headquarters anyway to land an impromptu second job interview. After all, don’t prospective bosses like people who show tenacity and a passion for the position? Um, no. If you decide to forge ahead and go to the company’s offices, not only is it unlikely that the hiring manager will be free at that moment to meet with you, but it will look like you don’t know proper protocol, which is to wait until you’re sent a request for another interview. Plus, you might scare off the hiring manager (hello, restraining order!). 2. You set your terms and conditions too soon. Sure, every job seeker wants to know how much a position pays before going through the lengthy process of interviewing, just to find out that the salary is subpar. That’s why some job seekers might include a line or two in their cover letter that states something like: “I am not interested in a position that pays under X amount of money or doesn’t offer a full range of benefits, including flexible work.” While it’s good to know what you want (and be vocal about it), there’s a time and a place to negotiate salary, benefits, and perks, which is typically after you’ve been offered a job. Stating your terms before a hiring manager has even interviewed you can come across as rude and arrogant, and definitely won’t be looked upon favorably. 3. You send gifts. Let’s face it: you’re tired of job searching. So when you finally land an interview for a job you really want, you figure you can sweeten the deal- and expedite the interviewing process- by sending in a small token of your esteem to your potential employer. You figure it will show how much you want the position and thank him for his time, too. But sending in gifts can look like you’re kissing up to your boss-to-be, which is never a good thing. In lieu of flowers, candy, or a swanky cigar, a  simple thank-you email  post-interview will suffice. 4. You’re willing to work for free. Of all the oops that you can commit during your  job search, this one might be the most innocent- and most common. After all, many potential employers will often give qualified candidates a test or some type of work to perform to gauge how good of a worker they might be and how they manage deadlines (and if it is a work-from-home position, how they self-manage). So offering to work for free so a potential employer can see the caliber of your work and that you truly want the position seems to make sense. But taking a test given to you by a hiring manager and flat-out offering to work for free are two different things entirely. It’s actually illegal for people who are not employees of an organization to do free work, so your employer can’t even accept your offer even if he wants to. Save your excellent work ethic for when you are in the middle of a job interview and are asked to perform a work-related task instead. 5. You send in a picture of yourself. While it might be the Age of the Selfie, sending in a snapshot of yourself to accompany your resume is never a good idea. Although it is common for employers outside of the U.S. to require a picture with a job application, it’s frowned upon stateside. Why? Well, for starters, what you look like has no bearing on how well you can perform the duties of the position. And on top of that, it opens up a can of worms (and potential lawsuits) for employers if a job candidate sends in their application with a picture and then claim that they weren’t hired due to discrimination based on how they look. Let your resume and cover letter speak for you and your potential as an employee, and leave your looks out of it. 6. You get too personal. Even if you hit it off with your interviewer, and you feel a casual, friendly vibe between the two of you, keep it professional. Your interviewer might ask about what you do for fun, but dont take it too far. For example, showing photos of kids, pet, or partner can come off wrong. Mentioning your political opinions or even your feelings about a local establishment should be avoided. These things are too personal and unrelated to your job interview. 7. You display inappropriate or out-of-place behavior. Putting your feet up. Eating. Hugging the interviewer. Checking or answering your phone. Dont do these things. Even if they make  you feel more comfortable, your interviewer is sure to be unimpressed. These sorts of behavior are out of place in an interview environment. Keep your wits about you, and dont let an effort to seem relaxed make you seem unsuited for the job. In an effort to land a job, some job seekers might goof and make some of these mistakes. But if you follow the protocols as dictated by the job description (and common sense!), you’ll land a job that’s right for you. Know someone looking for a job? Refer a friend to with this link- you’ll get a month free service and they’ll get 30% off! Rachel Jay contributed to this post.  

sick days

sick days Survey 10% say they slept with a boss for more vacation/sick days More men than women seem open to a sexual relationship with their work superiors, and that may be because it sometimes pays off: Men are more likely than women to receive a promotion after sleeping with the boss, according to a recent survey.Conducted by career site Zety, the survey dives into the rationales behind a tryst with management, as well as possible pros and cons. Results found that most  people have not slept with their bosses; 40% of more than 1,000 employees who were surveyed admitted to having been attracted to their workplace superiors, though they did not turn their desires into actions.That’s not to say that no one’s getting busy with their boss: A sizable 27.2% of women and 28.1% of men have actually gone through with the deed, and of those, almost 40% did so more than once.Among the most common motives for sexual relations with a boss were physical attraction and a desire for a good time. But smaller percentages had more deviant reasons for getting steamy on a desk or in an office closet (or on an apartment bed, I guess) with their superior. And while most workers said they would do nothing if they found out another employee was sleeping with the boss, some people jumped at the opportunity to blackmail their manager or colleague.Here are some of the bizarre findings from the study - try not to cringe.Sleeping with the boss for … more vacation days?Some people crave power, and 21.8% of respondents who slept with their boss said they did so for the simple reason that they found power attractive. But power also means managers and other superiors can bestow or take away privileges. When some employees decided to become sexually involved with their bosses, their motives were pretty selfish:   12.1% wanted a pay raise, 11.2% a promotion, another 11.2% a larger bonus and 9.7% additional vacation or sick days. Some people were more altruistic: 8.3% did it to help a colleague get a pay raise, and 7.3% were trying to get a friend hired. Then, th ere were the truly dark souls: 8.7% said they went through with it for the explicit reason of blackmailing their boss, which is truly next level.A fun factoid: The survey found that men were twice as likely as women to sleep with their superiors in hopes of a promotion.Ahoy Facebook58% of employees said at some point in their career they knew of a colleague who had slept with their boss, and a majority (64.5%) said they were inclined to do nothing if they learned of such an affair. But there’s always someone looking to stir up trouble, and a whopping 16% said they would share the news with a colleague, while 4.2% and 3.2% said they would use the information to blackmail their boss and the involved co-worker respectively.Another surprising phenomenon: After colleagues heard of a sexual relationship between an employee and their boss, 6.6% said they would attempt to sleep with the employee and 5% said the same of the boss. To these individuals, one sexual relationship appears to ind icate that the parties involved are open for business?But perhaps the most eye-catching survey result is that 3.3% of people said they would post on social media after hearing about the relationship.Crawl out through the falloutFor most people who chose to have sex with their bosses, it seems nothing dire happened. Around a quarter of them actually ended up in an intimate relationship with their superior, almost 15% got a pay raise and 13% were promoted.But not everyone got out sans scars. 10.6% said colleagues started rumors about them, almost 8% said HR got involved, almost 14% found a new job and 3.4% were demoted.So what’s the takeaway? Well, not everyone’s sleeping with their boss with good intentions, and some colleagues may be willing to stab their coworkers in the back for blackmail or a good story. But at least most people won’t live-tweet your office drama, and that’s something.

The remarkable truth about trust

The remarkable truth about trust The remarkable truth about trust “Often expectation fails.” William ShakespeareTrust is the intersection of hope and fear we want the best but think the worst can happen.What comes first, to trust or to be trusted?Most of us are uncertain about who to trust. It’s not always clear when trust is appropriate. Or how much risk we should take. But, mistrust is harmful we cannot enjoy life if we are suspicious.Follow Ladders on Flipboard!Follow Ladders’ magazines on Flipboard covering Happiness, Productivity, Job Satisfaction, Neuroscience, and more!  Trust is the glue that holds people together from chance encounters, work relationships, friendships or intimate ones. It’s the foundation of human connections. Trust gives us permission to act freely.As Abraham Lincoln said, “You can fool some of the people all of the time, and all of the people some of the time, but you can not fool all of the people all of the time.”Trust is a risky game. But, approaching it with a transactional mentality won’t increase yo ur odds. Focus on building relationships rather than on what others give you. You can’t expect others to be trustworthy if you don’t trust them first.Trusting people is the most logical thing to do.The price of empathyTrust facilitates our emotional connection with people it makes feel we  are in sync.Oxytocin turns mothers  into moms. It strengthens mothers’ reactions to infant faces and gestures. Mutual trust within happy couples is reinforced by the presence of the same hormone. Loving, affectionate, and sexual exchanges between partners also release oxytocin.Our body is designed to trust others. However, our experiences seed mistrust. Parents’ failure to deliver on their promises create insecurity in their children. Relationship infidelity can relive childhood experiences they make the aftermath even more painful.Sometimes mistrust can play a dominant role in our life. Past disappointment, lies or betrayal can cause this issue. Distrust is a valid response, but it should n’t drive our relationships. A total lack of mistrust could cause anxiety, fear, and low self-esteem by trying to protect ourselves, we create more harm.Why is it so difficult to overcome trust issues?We are biased. Our past experiences tint our perception we pre-judge people. As Joshua Coleman writes,  surviving betrayal  makes us hypervigilant. While this reaction is evolutionarily intended to prevent to suffer again, it has a downside too. Hypervigilance can keep us isolated from others.Trust is the glue that holds relationships together, yet we are afraid to trust people.The remedy for this paradox is empathy to trust others we must see their vulnerability first.Understanding others doesn’t mean condoning what they did to you. Forgiveness doesn’t mean forgetting. It’s not justifying or overlooking an event. It’s choosing to let go of resentment you eliminate the suffering, not the wrongdoing.Forgiving is hard, but not forgiving hurts more, as  I wrote here. The person who hurt you might not deserve your pardon, but you deserve to be at peace.The pain that someone caused you is real and valid. Legitimate mistrust is a natural self-protective mechanism. It helps you avoid being hurt again. But, constant trust issues fear, doubt, and suspicion can quickly turn into self-sabotaging.Empathy is not as hard or costly as most people think.  A study  revealed that we don’t want to make the mental effort to connect with others. By trying to protect ourselves from potential harm, we stay away from people.In the experiment, participants reviewed images from two sets of cards. For one deck, they had to describe the physical characteristics of the person. For the other, participants had to feel empathy for the person in the photo and also to guess their feelingsParticipants were told to choose freely between decks. Almost everyone picked the decks that didn’t require feeling empathy, even for the photos of happy people. They consistently avoided connecting emotionally with strangers.However, after people were told they were good at feeling empathy, their ability  to see others  dramatically increased. They started selecting more cards from the empathy deck. And they also reported that empathy required less mental effort than those who were told they weren’t empathetic.Mistrust builds transactional relationshipsWithout trust, there’s no collaboration. As a  change consultant, I spend a lot of time helping teams build or recover trust. The biggest challenge is that no one wants to give the initial step they expect others to show their trust first.Trust is personal. But, collective trust requires everyone to contribute to building  psychological safety. People must adopt a positive and generous mindset, rather than a transactional one.There are three types of relationships according to Aristotle two of them are shallow.The first one is functional. People are in it for mutual benefit. It’s a zero-sum game relationship both parties want to balance their gains and losses. The second kind of relationship is driven by pleasure. It’s built on the foundation of how others make us feel.Think of a work relationship, for example. You may enjoy the time you spend together or benefit from that interaction. But, if something changes, you easily move on.Those two types of relationship are transactional. The moment the other part stops giving us what we want, we feel betrayed. Or, if we think we are putting more into it than the other side, we feel disappointed.The third type of relationship cannot exist without trust. It is based on a mutual appreciation of the virtues each person brings to the table. It’s the people and their qualities what defines this kind of relationship not the functional benefits.As H. L Menken said, “It is mutual trust, even more than mutual interest that holds human associations together.”Without empathy, it’s hard to build deep relationships. We must see and accept others for who they a re. Their uniqueness makes our life more enjoyable. Relationships of virtue take more time to build than functional ones. They depend on developing mutual trust.When you respect and accept a person for who they are, you are willing to take risks. Rather than worry about being hurt, you are free to enjoy spending time with them. Trust is a two-way street. What you bring to a relationship is  what you get.Trust requires time and purpose. Life is not a smooth journey. The ones you love will hurt you and you’ll hurt them too. When we accept our own betrayals and mistakes, we are more willing to forgive others’. It’s the price to pay for the good moments that bring magic to our lives.A mutual trust relationship succeeds by integrating both negative and positive experiences we adopt a “yes, and” approach.Trust is a virtueTrusting strangers can be the rational thing to do, according to Paul Faulkner co-editor of the book  The Philosophy of Trust.We act on the basis of trust. It†™s central to our social lives. Trust drives cooperation by exercising both explicit promises and implicit commitments. We must continually cooperate with people we don’t knowâ€"life is not a war of all against all.Similarly to Aristotle, Faulkner explores the difference between seeing trust as transactional or as a virtue.The philosopher illustrates the trust problem with the trust game. In this experiment, there are two parties: a trusting party or ‘investor’ and a trusted party or ‘trustee.’ The investor must trust that the trustee will return a part of the gains. If he does shares, both parties win.So, what prevents the trustee from keeping all the money?On the functional side, if the game repeats, the trustee will lose by keeping the money the investor won’t give him more in the subsequent rounds. Acknowledging long-term benefits and risks builds mutual trust.However, there’s a more remarkable truth about the nature of trust.When we don’t know someone, reliance becomes more problematic. First, there’s a chance they could betray us. Second, it might be a one-off interaction, so the long-term benefits don’t matter. Third, we don’t know the other person’s motivation.These three conditions can make cooperation seem unreasonable.Surprisingly, the data shows a different picture: people by and large trust one another when playing the trust game.The problem of trust  arises when we see it only as a  means to an end. When we think that trusting someone depends on the other person if they are trusting or trustworthy. Or when we see trust as something transactional we value the good things that might come from trusting someone.However, trust is a virtue it’s about  who we are, not about others.Think of generosity as a proxy. Being generous is giving something without expecting anything in return. Generous people are optimistic. They don’t play a zero-sum game doing good makes them feel happy.“The best way to find out if you can trust so mebody is to trust them.” ? Ernest HemingwayValuing trust itself requires an optimistic attitude of goodwill, as Faulkner explains. Trust is a virtue that starts within ourselves. Being suspicious makes others doubt us. When we take the  first step, we can make our trust contagious.In having an attitude of trust, we think well of others. Our presumption of optimism encourages the other to act well too.Value trust in its own right.Have faith in peopleTrust is not an assessment of people but a virtue that expresses how we approach relationships. Having faith in people gives us a reason to rely on the people we trust to do the right thing.Trust is an attitude it inspires others to trust us too.I usually trust and trusted people. Did people betray me, lie to me or disappoint me? Sure. But, in many other cases, they didn’t. If I hadn’t trust people, I wouldn’t have achieved half of what I did. I wouldn’t have built any deep relationship either.One of the hardest things in life is realizing we cannot contro l others. People are autonomous just like you. That realization frees us from disappointment we stop expecting and start accepting.In the end scene of  Manhattan, Isaac Davis (Woody Allen) can’t accept that Tracy is leaving. She is about to catch a plane to Europe. Though Isaac always encouraged her to explore the world, now he is hesitant about Tracy having  that  experience.Isaac worries that, in six months, she will be a completely different person. That means that she will want to be with someone else, not him.Tracy, the wise 18-year old played by Mariel Hemingway gives everyone not just Isaac a remarkable lesson in trust:“Not everybody gets corrupted. You have to have a little faith in  people.”Trust is not easy, but it’s worth the risk.This article originally appeared on Medium.You might also enjoy… New neuroscience reveals 4 rituals that will make you happy Strangers know your social class in the first seven words you say, study finds 10 lessons from Benjamin Franklin’s daily schedule that will double your productivity The worst mistakes you can make in an interview, according to 12 CEOs 10 habits of mentally strong people

How to Stop Feeling Busy All the Time - The Muse

How to Stop Feeling Busy All the Time - The Muse How to Stop Feeling Busy All the Time America began to acknowledge its cultural obsession with “busyness” a few years ago, when Tim Kreider wrote the now legendary piece “The Busy Trap” for the New York Times. Nearly three years later, while our culture certainly hasn’t changed, an admitted addiction to busyness has at least transitioned from groundbreaking journalism to mainstream conversations. While I fall into the category of people who are typically the biggest busy-worshippers (a working mom, educated, middle class), I always assumed that I wasn’t a part of the crowd. I write about media and culture and parenthood, for goodness sake! Surely, I couldn’t blindly succumb to a cultural trend. But then, over the holidays, when my great-aunt asked me how I’d been doing, the words, “Good- but so busy! Crazy busy!” sprung forth from my mouth, and I realized that I’m just a drone impersonating a self-aware person. Maybe I’m being a little hard on myself, but because busyness has become a status symbol- a sign that you are in demand and thus important- it’s easy to default to the word “busy” to describe your life. When we tell people that we are busy, in many cases what we’re trying to say is, “The activities that consume my day are important. I feel overwhelmed because I am busy, but my busyness is mandatory because I’m contributing so much to the world.” When we feel busy, we feel like we’re winning at life- like we’re doing something right and maximizing our productivity. But our insistence on staying busy can have damaging effects on our mental well-being: more stress, exhaustion, burnout, and an inability to focus on the present. I’ve resolved to make 2015 the year I stop feeling busy. And, based on the research I’ve done so far, it won’t actually require doing less- it will simply require changing the way I think and speak. Want to join me? Here’s how to get started. 1. Stop Talking About Being Busy Far too many of us have made “So busy!” the automatic answer to “How are you?” It has essentially become a replacement for a standard answer like good or fine, when what we’re really trying to say is “Successful! Wanted! Admired!” Instead of telling people that you’re busy, try talking about what you’re actually doing- the accomplishments that are making you feel busy and thus making you feel proud. For example, “I’m doing well! I just got a promotion and it’s given me the opportunity to travel quite a bit more.” Avoiding the compulsion to constantly insist that you’re busy will actually make you feel less busy (and, as the Americans’ Use of Time Survey has shown, we’re not nearly as busy as we think). 2. Stop Multi-tasking During Leisure Time Though research shows that we have plenty of “leisure time” in our lives, we’ve become accustomed to multi-tasking during our downtime- meal planning while we watch television, checking our email while we’re out to dinner, watching a webinar while we’re working out. Writer Hanna Rosin describes this phenomenon well in her response to Brigid Schulte’s book Overwhelmed: Work, Love, and Play When No One Has the Time: To be deep in the overwhelm requires not just doing too many things in one 24-hour period but doing so many different kinds of things that they all blend into each other and a day has no sense of distinct phases. Researchers call it ‘contaminated time,’ and apparently women are more susceptible to it than men, because they have a harder time shutting down the tape that runs in their heads about what needs to get done that day. The only relief from the time pressure comes from cordoning off genuine stretches of free or leisure time, creating a sense of what Schulte calls ‘time serenity’ or ‘flow.’ But over the years, time use diaries show that women have become terrible at that, squeezing out any free time and instead, as Schulte puts it, resorting to ‘crappy bits of leisure time confetti.’ Make sure to not only carve out time for yourself, but to actually acknowledge that you’re on the “leisure clock.” Don’t multitask- enjoy the downtime, and mentally label it as such. 3. Rethink Your Definition of Self-Care When we think of self-care, we often focus on our physical well-being: getting a massage, exercising, taking care of our skin. But we shouldn’t define self-care so narrowly. In her book Thrive, Arianna Huffington identifies the “Third Metric of success” (i.e., a redefinition of success that goes beyond the two traditional metrics of money and power) and breaks into four components: well-being, wisdom, wonder and giving. While she begins with well-being, which includes taking care of yourself by getting plenty of sleep and staying healthy, she considers lifelong learning, meditation and mindfulness, and community involvement equally as important in achieving and defining success. If we make room in our lives for this broader definition of self-care and accept that it is not a distraction from but a contributor to our success, we’ll be one step closer to escaping the busy vortex. We should prioritize our mental health just as highly as our physical health, and acknowledge that intellectual pursuits (like reading, writing, and learning) can be just as relaxing (perhaps more so) than a mani/pedi. 4. Outsource and Delegate More than You Think You Should Modifications to our thinking and speech patterns can be incredibly powerful, but I’m sure you might be thinking, “But I really am busy. I don’t have a spare minute in the day.” So I feel compelled to include at least one strategy for actually being less busy, as opposed to just feeling less busy. Let me share with you a tip that executive coach and Entrepreneur columnist Sumi Krishnan recently shared with me: At the end of your day- every day!- write down two things that you did that someone else could have done for you. They might be administrative tasks, housework, or simply to-do items that someone else could have accomplished just as easily. The next day, delegate those items. You may think that you’re a master delegator and that you’re maximizing your productivity every day, but this simple habit will help you measure your delegating skills each and every day. Photo of busy woman courtesy of Shutterstock.

Engage New Nursing Graduates for Future Hiring Needs

Engage New Nursing Graduates for Future Hiring Needs Engage New Nursing Graduates for Future Hiring Needs Engage New Nursing Graduates for Future Hiring Needs Spader, RN Whatever happened to the nursing shortage? Its a question asked by bewildered new graduate RNs who are having an unprecedented tough time in landing a job. In fact, the nursing job marketis so tight for new registered nursesthat industry experts fear many will be unable to keep their skills sharp and get the experience they need to stay in the field. However, new graduate RNs can take heart and health care specialists should take note: health care recruitment of registered nurses is expected to grow by 22 percent by 2018, much faster than the average for all occupations, according to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics. This is just a blip on the radar in the demand for nurses, says Nikki West, MPH, project manager for the California Institute for Nursing Health Care (CINHC) in Oakland, CA. Once the economy picks up, adds West, there will be an exodus of retiring nurses and we will need competent nurses primed and ready to fill a spike in demand. In response to the new graduate RN employment dilemma, CINHC has partnered with the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and the Kaiser Permanente Fund and other foundations and community organizations in the San Francisco Bay Area, creating the New Graduate RN Transition Program. The program aims to secure a well-prepared future nursing workforce by offering unemployed new graduate RNs expanded education, training and clinical opportunities. We want to take their preparation to a level beyond what they did in nursing school, says Colleen OLeary-Kelley, PhD, RN, CNE and co-coordinator of the South Bay New Graduate RN Transition Program curriculum, as well as professor at San Jose State School of Nursing, one of the program partners. The program, which is divided among four Bay Area regional collaboratives, provides a comprehensive training program for 250 specially-selected new graduate RNs, including a minimum of 16 hours per week of clinical experience coupled with eight hours per week of classroom instruction. It also provides transition nurses with simulation lab experiences, Web-based programs, college and continuing education credits and guest lectures. A Smart Venture in Future Employee Engagement Oneof the clinical sites for the New Graduate RN Transition Program is OConnor Hospital, a San Josecommunity hospital. The program began there in June 2010 with four unemployed new graduate RNs who did their clinical time on a variety of units, including med/surg and telemetry. Its success became evident when one of the nurse participants left early to accept a position in another facilitys ICU. I believe that the program helped her get a job because transition nurses go through a rigorous interview process and just getting into this program shows employers a very high level of dedication, says Debra Sun MSN, RN,FNP, a nurse educator at OConnor Hospital. Sun adds that ideally, OConnor Hospital would have been in a position to hire the new nurse in-house. However, she believes the hospitals investment in the transition nurses is still a smart venture. We already invest a lot of time and effort into our nursing students and we want to support them after graduation so they stay in the workforce. In the future we will need more nurses and we will need them now, she says. The remaining new nurses graduated from the program at the end of September 2010. An Investment in Nursing Recruitment Pulling together the resources needed to fund and staff a similar new graduate program may seem prohibitive during tight economic times. In fact, costs in the CINHC New Graduate RN Transition Program are about $2,000 per participant. Major funding for the program was provided by a $710,000 grant from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. OLeary-Kelley points out that, A program doesnt need to cost an arm and a leg, but it does need to be well planned, and it has to be a collaborative with academia and clinical providers. The emphasis here is on partnerships. For instance, the New Graduate RN Transition Program partners with over 35 Bay Area nursing schools, health care facilities and other community organizations. The program, curriculum and classroom instructors are provided by local schools of nursing; specially-trained nurse preceptors are provided by the clinical sites, which are not obliged to hire the transition RNs. Clinical sites and schools and other community groups, such as the workforce investment boards, are providing either direct funds or in-kind work, says West. She adds that funding is also available for workforce programs for unemployed skilled workers throughthe US Department of Labor. Another organization that is hailing the New Graduate RN Transition Program as successful is Santa Clara Valley Medical Center in San Jose. We get a bang for our buck with this program, because we have put nine RNs through the program who are now very desirable candidates for positions that are opening up here, says Lawrence M. Marsco, MSN, RN, and Santa Claras Director of Nursing Professional Practice. We have also given these nurses a great toolset to be successful that other new grads dont have. Marsco adds that maintaining the program could potentially decrease the cost of nursing orientation of new graduate nurses in the future. In the long run this is something that could translate into cost savings for organizations, he says. For more information about grant funding and developing a New Graduate RN Transition Program, contact Nikki West, project Manager of the California Institute for Nursing Health Care at nikki@cinhc.org.

Best Resume Format 2019 Ideas

Best Resume Format 2019 Ideas Best Resume Format 2019 Secrets That No One Else Knows About When you're taking reference from the samples, you must search for the sample that gives you with best presented details of prior jobs, education and present skills. You should exploit your strength and concentrate on the information. So in the event the format of your resume is incorrect and doesn't quickly highlight your chief abilities and qualifications in exactly how the recruiter expects to see them you are likely to be discarded. If you're lacking an entire bunch of expertise subsequently it's more critical to compose an ideal education section. The Chronicles of Best Resume Format 2019 A professional resume writer can help you produce a strong and results-generating executive resume. Graduating from the ideal university or with the greatest honors does not automatically mean that you immediately win a spot with an employment. If you're a new graduate, it's OK to not have plen ty of expertise that would be anticipated. It's possible to either compose the resume all on your own or get it written from a specialist. Sell yourself and make your position stick out amongst similar positions from different candidates. A significant part making yourself stick out from different applicants is a strong resume. The critical thing about picking out the proper job is deciding on out a niche that is proper for your skillset and fashion. The best resume is the one which generates most interviews and creates an effect on the employer in the brief time span. All our resume templates are simple to access and edit so you're assured to wind up with resumes that are well-formatted and personalized for your work. There are lots of ways to format and present them. Since you may see, a proper resume format for freshers is particularly important. If you chance to be starting on your first resume ever or should you happen to be considering updating your resume format, yo u may wish to observe a few examples of good resume examples. Best Resume Format 2019 - Overview Utilise numerous them anatomical info you may persuade specific employer. When you make an application for a new the best freshers job, you need to put your very best foot forward. If it doesn't, it's going to be discarded. What is Really Happening with Best Resume Format 2019 A good resume format can let you get your foot in that door and it may also be the sort of help that you will need to find that job. You have to keep trying to find the best one until you find one, and you need to come across a template that brings an additional focus on your strengths. You may also use the best resume examples 2016 using the creative formats if you're in the movie business, if you're an actor or whether you're a creative director. Even if there are lots of creative fashions of resumes to pick from, they simply are not for everybody. Why Almost Everything You've Learned About Best Resum e Format 2019 Is Wrong Resume journalists that have a place with resume-guaranteeing associations tend toward remain exceptional in resume viability. Spotlight another popularity that have helped that can an easy department and obviously a person's group in only general. It's possible to get as creative as you need to highlight that you're that artistic talent that the organization is searching for. If you simply don't know how to compose a resume, or in case you just don't have the moment, there are businesses out there which will do it for you. Become a better hubber and you receive an opportunity to join the huge guns. It is possible to even look at any of the samples of various sorts of resumes for various kinds of careers. Many are probably only attending church in the very first place only because they feel they have to. If you've taken part in many of extra-curricular activities, then it would be a good idea to write down the names of the absolute most notable competit ions which you've won. Although you're just likely to ask about a work application you should look as if you desire the job. If you may be in the procedure for searching for work, you understand how important it can be to create a resume that you will pass to the poeple who you wish to work for. If you are now in the work market or expect that you could be in the not-too-distant future, you're almost certainly aware that the work market is fierce. If you are now in the work market or expect that you could be in the not-too-distant future, you're certainly aware that the work market is fierce. The standard of your CV has a significant role in getting you noticed by the employer. A recruiter will just take a few seconds to judge if it's well worth it to carry on reading your resume. Easy and Clean Resume cv template to assist you land that wonderful job. When you're a fresh graduate and are looking for a great job opportunity, you probably require an ideal CV describing all your current skills, qualifications and the other things that makes you suitable for practically any job.

How to Add Certification in Resume Sample: No Longer a Mystery

How to Add Certification in Resume Sample: No Longer a Mystery Recruiters and hiring managers may have a simpler time evaluating whether your schooling and training is enough to carry out the duties of the work opening. If it is a medical job or managing the public, yes. The path to landing your perfect dream job is achievable and definitely possible especially for those who have a great resume on hand. For instance, if you're asking for a job for a network analyst, you don't need to list your house health-aide certification. Some applicants might not have the formal education necessary for the job. Association should be strong. The NCRW Certification Commission is composed of volunteers who are dedicated to promoting the greatest standards of resume excellence. How to Add Certification in Resume Sample - Overview The very first region of your resume affected by means of a certification may be your name. OSHA certification provides you with access to such groups. For i nstance, a fresher might have done an on-line certification in Leadership Training. For a Marketing Manager, Digital advertising Certification goes a very long way in letting the recruiter know the extra skill in an identical domain. Applicants often struggle to convey what they are able to actuallydofor a provider. The overview of qualifications in your resume should incorporate the next. Recruitment is the excellent procedure that brings these 2 stakeholders together. How to Add Certification in Resume Sample Options When you switch roles, the majority of your prior work experience is going to be considered irrelevant. For instance, if you take up an on-line training course in say, metaphysics. You bring a great deal of unique experiences to the tableand that's fantastic! Be concise, and be sure that everything you include is related to the job. You simply have the 1 certificate. You may also, naturally, include any certifications in progress in addition to the antic ipated completion date. Set the award certificate and training certificate first which you believe is critical for the job. You've got to compose several academic papers over the duration of a year. A certification proves that you possess the abilities and know-how to do a particular job and your knowledge was proven by way of an exam or practical test. If you own a lot of certificates that you think is vital in the job you're applying for then the best method to showcase which will list all of your certification in your resume. How you show it upon your lab technician resume. Needless to say, you're totally free to go to the office at any moment, but you could want to create an appointment so you're assured of the time that you want. So, as you're thinking about your answers to common interview questions, also earn a list of some you may be asked about your studies and produce answers for every one of them. It is possible to even check out several reviews and after that p ick the business that is most suitable for your requirements and very affordable budget. The review is going to teach you whatever you want to understand and then you're able to place your purchase confidently. Our reviews contain information like the score of the clients, our rating, starting prices, Discounts, and caliber of the papers. The Number One Question You Must Ask for How to Add Certification in Resume Sample Skip The Intro Classes Multiple recruiters mentioned that listing introductory-level on-line courses can create a candidate look bad once the expectation is that they will be a specialist. There are various sorts of certifications which should be included on a resume based on the sort of jobseeker and the business and position that the resume is for. Failing to incorporate the suitable information could lead to your application being rejected. A great quality of a good resume is to make a list of qualifications that's easily read and understood by your employe rs. Mixing the certifications with different abilities or awards section is not going to earn any influence on the recruiter. A specialist certification is proof that you've got the wisdom and skills to do something. Even when you aren't in an advertising position, this will offer you an extra edge over candidates in your field that aren't acquainted with basic marketing and advertising concepts. The certificates examples that are listed on your resume proves you've completed a job, program or education that is critical to the job that you are applying for. For instance, there are quite a few training and certifications that might be asked to demonstrate that you qualify for certain IT positions. Whether you are in possession of a long academic career with various degrees or masters, or vocational or technical courses that have resulted in professional certificates, there are lots of approaches to include certifications on a resume to draw the hiring manager's interest. Muc h like different abilities, you should only list certifications on your resume that are related to your intended job. Learning the perfect place to list your certifications are able to help you land that all-important interview. Virtually every profession has certifications you are able to get. List the certifications you have earned over the duration of your career. Let's say that your latest certification isn't impressive. Some might have additional secondary certifications that aren't really pertinent to the position.

What Everyone Else Does When It Comes to Teacher Resume Sample and What You Should Be Doing Different

What Everyone Else Does When It Comes to Teacher Resume Sample and What You Should Be Doing Different You didn't choose to be a teacher since you wished to turn into rich, you did it as you have passion for education. Otherwise, then you're able to select from the teacher resume samples from down below. Teachers must, naturally, understand the material they teach. Additionally, they may have to work with different learning styles to get the most out of each student. Powerful and persuasive verbs help your accomplishmentsshine in the correct lightand get readers excited to find out more about you. Turning into a teacher may be a noble profession. Teaching jobs usually need specific degrees and certifications, so be certain to highlight your education. They typically require specific degrees and certifications, so be sure to highlight your education. Choosing Teacher Resume Sample You might want to highlight unique sides of your experience, based on the particular necessities of the position available. There is an extensive selection of basic resume examples here and one will be ideal for purpose. Following that, you have to look closely at the structuring on the resume. You shouldn't ignore the significance of resumes. The teacher will subsequently measure the students' progress to the goal each week to figure out how they're excelling. Very good teachers are famous for their vivacity and sunny disposition. Most teachers should list a ll their certifications, or any time they anticipate receiving them. Elementary teachers often leave a long-lasting impact to students since they are those who have introduced certain topics and techniques. Ensure you know the degree that you are going to be receiving and list it correctly. States vary when it comes to licensing requirements, however, so make sure to double check yours when preparing your resume. Along with the buzzwords listed above, it is very important that you learn the educational terms the school district you're interviewing with uses. Teachers need in order to solve many different problems, often below a tight deadline. Should you need an example to have a look at, make sure that you have a look at the sample teacher resume at the close of the short article! If your work search is broad, you might require numerous versions of your resume. A great teacher can create more difference to a youthful mind than a very good parent. The most important teac her resume page lists an assortment of different samples that may also offer you ideas about how to draft your own version when you're getting reading to apply to get a teaching post that interests you. Even experienced teachers need to renew their licenses every certain number of years, and several enroll in supplementary training or greater education programs to advance their career. You have to be able to spell out the material in terms which are both accessible and meaningful to the students. Students ought to think about the grade level they need to teach and state certification guidelines when picking a degree program. For instance, some students are more visual learners, while some are kinesthetic. List down all you skills that are related to the job. Naturally, each job will call for unique abilities and experiences, so make certain you read the work description carefully and concentrate on the skills listed by the employer. Demonstrate employers that you comprehend the essence of the job and also are acquainted with the requirements to get ready for the work properly. If that's the case, your resume can nevertheless be quantified, and provide the hiring manager a concrete idea of the range of your abilities and abilities. Every hiring manager differs. Employers often wish to understand you're a well-rounded person with different activities outside work. They know that you are new, but that shouldn't stop you from creating a professional and eye-catching resume that can land you an interview. The Bad Side of Teacher Resume Sample Each bullet point needs to be relevant to the job which you're applying for. In order to acquire the best chances of landing your teacher job, you ought to make sure you're making the best resume that you're able to. As a substitute teacher, make certain that you dismiss the class at the close of the day in an orderly fashion and look after learners that are picked up late by ensuring they are safe. If you'r e considering applying to be a teacher, then the very first step you will need is a resume to assist you. If you're asking for a position inside the same school board in which you have taught in prior decades, you should have the ability to gloss over any skills which are needed by that board. You will also find a good example of a resume written particularly for an early childhood education job. A hiring administrator isn't left guessing as to what the work applicant has to offer you. He knows what is required of all teachers, regardless of grade level or subject matter.

Why Everyone Is Completely Mistaken Regarding Best Resume Font 2017

Why Everyone Is Completely Mistaken Regarding Best Resume Font 2017 The hiring manager only looks at a resume for a couple seconds so that you are going to want to be certain your chief points and qualifications are simple for a hiring manager to spot. It's also a great idea to select a universal and standard font that is employed on any operating system, considering that resumes will probably be scanned by automated applicant tracking program. So, you've chosen a clean and crisp font for your resume, you've worked out precisely what information you're going to include, you've even created perfectly highlighted bullet-points for your key abilities and qualifications. You might believe that you're the ideal candidate, but you'd never know whether the hiring manager can properly make from the text on your resume. If you still must save more space for other info, which you want to add to your resume, single line spacing is a great decision in your case. When you format your resume you wish to make certain your leave enough margin space to permit for printing. There's a good deal of cool fonts which you can be tempted to utilize for your resume since they look both appealing and professional, but should you want to make certain your document will translate well on Windows and Mac PCs, it is advisable to choose one which is available on both operating systems. Employing an appropriate font increases your odds of being selected for an interview. Want to Know More About Best Resume Font 2017? It has multiple weights that it is possible to utilize to differentiate the many different sections and features of your resume, but you need to probably prevent the book and light weights, along with any condensed versions they can be difficult to read. So because you can see, experts recommend these particular fonts due to the fact that they have a great deal of the great qualities of readable typeface. One of the absolute most important design choices that can be made on your resume is your font. Let us discuss the three sorts of resume out there. Since you can see, many professionals like to observe this sort of font because its lines are clean and it isn't difficult to read. If you have sufficient room on your resume, you ought to go with a size 12. Besides font types, the typical font size also needs to be carefully considered when writing an executive resume. But first, we have to figure out what sort of resume format you require. Georgia is a kind of font that provides a real awareness of seriousness to anything as a result of its great square and firm design. Although it's a good option, it may appear somewhat stale and outdated to some. Needless to say, you will have to use your very best judgment when deciding if it appears bloated. Deciding upon the incorrect fonts for your resume could be an enormous mistake. Your selection of fonts to be employed on your resume is vital. Nevertheless, you might employ discretion before stamping your resume to your favourite emoji. There are a lot of pretty fonts, but shou ld you combine them lubberly the entire work won't be well worth any attention. If you are in possession of a decent amount of experience, including transferable skills you would like to target to the job, then two pages is the thing to do. Needless to say, there are dozens and dozens of unique fonts to select from, but not all them are befitting to use on a resume, so picking one is essential to be in a position to land work. It's undoubtedly a fantastic pick for academic resumes and for people that have year's worth of work experience. Picking the proper font, the suitable format, and the right font size is equally as critical as the set of skills you're going to pitch to your possible employer. So you must be confident that so-called character of the font will match the aim of your text. You always need to select the best font for your CV, it needs to be well structured as it gives an overview of your abilities, skills, and accomplishments. Adjusting the font just one-ten th of a point can produce the text fill out the remainder of a page or stop it from spilling over into the subsequent one. Organizing your resume is at least as critical as formatting it. Therefore, if you use non-standard fonts, utilize the PDF format. This is possibly the most debated font in regards to resume writing. A suitable font can help enhance the look of your resume. The initial one it's a great concept to change resume font to the absolute most popular one. If you're looking for an old-style font, you should think about using Garamond for your resume. This excellent font is likewise very common. As a rule of thumb, the font you ought to use for an executive resume ought to be clear, scalable and legible. Therefore, if you're still hesitant about which font family to use there is not any need to be concerned about doing it. 10 points is actually fantastic for the primary body of your resume.